Antibacterial activity of Agarwood leaf extract

Antibacterial Activity of Aquilaria Leaves Extract

Introduction: Aquilaria leaves extract has been found to fight against harmful bacteria. Several studies have shown that these extracts can stop bacteria from growing and forming protective layers, making them effective in treating infections.

Evidence:

1. Aquilaria crassna Leaves Extract:

   • Key Points: Extracts from Aquilaria crassna leaves can kill Staphylococcus epidermidis, a type of bacteria, by damaging their cell walls and preventing them from forming biofilms (protective layers). The extract is safe for mice even at high doses (Kamonwannasit et al., 2013).

2. Aquilaria malaccensis Leaves Extract:

   • Key Points: Extracts from Aquilaria malaccensis leaves are effective against several drug-resistant bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. These extracts can create clear zones around bacteria, showing their ability to stop bacterial growth (Jihadi et al., 2020).

3. Aquilaria agallocha Leaves and Bark Extracts:

   • Key Points: Extracts from Aquilaria agallocha leaves and bark can kill bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, Shigella flexneri, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These extracts contain natural chemicals that contribute to their antibacterial properties (Dash et al., 2008).

4. Aquilaria malaccensis Against Skin Infections:

   • Key Points: Aquilaria malaccensis leaf extracts can also fight bacteria that cause skin infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus. The best results were seen at higher concentrations of the extract, which contains substances like flavonoids and tannins (Batubara et al., 2021).

5. Boosting the Immune System:

   • Key Points: These extracts can also help boost the immune system by increasing the activity of immune cells that fight infections. This makes them even more effective against bacteria (Yana et al., 2022).

Conclusion: Aquilaria leaves extracts are powerful in fighting bacteria and can boost the immune system, making them promising for treating infections.